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Year end planning in a higher tax world: dividends, gains, pensions and IHT

31 March 2026

We've written this as a practical triage tool for the conversations you're already having with your clients at this time of year: who has genuine levers, what's supportable before 5 April 2026, and where joined up delivery (tax, legal, investment, cashflow) prevents avoidable problems.


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Article last updated 31 March 2026.

At a glance - planning priorities before 5 April 2026

If you have clients who fit any of the profiles below, we can work with you to triage priorities, model the trade-offs and map a practical implementation sequence before deadlines are missed.

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Identify

Identify who can take action before deadlines

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Align

Make sure actions and documentation align with tax allowances and exemptions to avoid missed opportunities

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Focus

Focus on what can realistically be completed before the deadline

Key tip

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Seek advice early
These changes cut across valuation, tax, legal documents, and liquidity — a joined‑up accountant/solicitor/financial planner conversation now is better than a rushed fix later.

1) Identify who can take action before deadlines

It's worth focusing attention on clients where the calendar genuinely influences their outcomes:
 

  • Director shareholders with dividend flexibility, and cashflow to support it.
  • Clients with unrealised investment gains/losses: the annual exemption is small, but loss planning and spouse or civil partner planning can still matter.
  • Clients making gifts or taking other estate-planning steps: the annual gifting exemption is easy to miss, record keeping is often the weak link and special attention is needed if the client owns assets that qualify for Business Relief.
  • Exit clients: identify those where Business Asset Disposal Relief timing could move the tax rate, or where they simply need early awareness of the rate increase from 6 April 2026.

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If you have a director considering dividend extraction, a family actively gifting, or any client contemplating an exit in the next 18 months, we can work together to quantify the rate delta and test what is realistically deliverable before 5 April.

2) Make sure actions and documentation align with tax allowances and exemptions to avoid missed opportunities

Allowance use often fails at the “plumbing” stage:
 

  • Spouse/civil partner alignment to maximise allowances/exemptions, where appropriate and consistent with ownership reality.
  • Documentation and record keeping: dividends, contributions, gifts and (where relevant) valuations.
  • Gifts between partners: ensure they are unconditional. Be alert to Capital Gains Tax where chargeable assets are transferred between unmarried partners. There is no automatic spouse or civil partner Capital Gains Tax treatment.

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If the ownership trail, board process or gifting paperwork is likely to be questioned later, we can help you and the client review the position and coordinate the investment and implementation steps so the documentation keeps pace with the intention.

3) Focus on what can realistically be completed before the deadline

Use the “hard reset” allowances and any clearly appropriate timing actions.
 

  • It’s worth being explicit about constraints: where income is not controllable (for example PAYE, fixed pensions, or many fund distributions), year-end “income planning” is often limited.
  • Focus effort on controllable levers: pension and ISA contributions, Venture Capital Trust investment where suitable, gain and loss planning, gifting hygiene, and (for owner-managed businesses) extraction planning.

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If you want a quick “is this supportable before 5 April?” check, we can run a short triage call with you and produce a step-by-step action list that you can use in client discussions.

Year-end “reset” facts (2025/26)

These are the straight forward numbers that reset on 5 April 2026, they are often small individually, but valuable when used consistently.
 

  • ISA allowance: up to £20,000 per adult. Unused allowance is lost.
    Junior ISA: up to £9,000 where relevant.
  • Pensions: Annual Allowance up to £60,000. The taper may apply for higher earners.
    Money Purchase Annual Allowance: £10,000 where triggered.
    Carry forward: unused annual allowance may be available from up to three prior tax years. Ordering rules apply, so headroom checks are essential.
  • Dividend allowance: £500 tax-free dividend allowance.
  • Capital Gains Tax annual exempt amount: £3,000 for individuals (use it or lose it).
  • Inheritance Tax gifting hygiene:
    • Annual exemption £3,000. It can be carried forward one tax year only.
    • Small gifts: £250 per recipient per tax year (conditions apply).
    • Normal expenditure out of income: consider whether a client should start or formalise a pattern of gifting where it genuinely fits surplus income and lifestyle, and where record-keeping is strong.
    • Trust planning where relevant: for some clients, it may be worth reviewing whether a discretionary trust gift funded with Business Relief-qualifying assets should be progressed before 6 April 2026, in light of the reforms. This is fact-specific and needs careful tax and legal advice.
  • Venture Capital Schemes (for suitable investors only):
    • Venture Capital Trust: relief at 30% on up to £200,000 subscriptions per tax year. Dropping to 20% from 6 April 2026.
    • Enterprise Investment Scheme: £1m, or £2m if at least £1m is invested in knowledge-intensive companies.
    • Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme: up to £200,000.
      These are high-risk, illiquid and suitability-dependent. The year-end planning point is often the known relief change from 6 April 2026, and ensuring clients do not stumble into hurried decisions.

From 6 April 2026: cliff edges that affect decisions now

1) Dividend tax increases (from 6 April 2026)

From 6 April 2026, dividend tax rates increase by 2 percentage points for the ordinary and upper dividend rates. This is relevant for basic and higher rate taxpayers.

  • Ordinary dividend rate: 10.75% (from 8.75%).
  • Upper dividend rate: 35.75% (from 33.75%).
  • Additional dividend rate remains 39.35%.

What it means in practice: dividend timing is one of the few “clean” levers for owner managed businesses, but only where it is commercially supportable, properly documented, and does not create downstream issues such as cash extraction pressure, future funding needs, or problematic shareholder dynamics.

A common operational risk is trying to “do something” late in March without board process, evidence of distributable reserves, and clarity on whether a dividend is genuinely intended now (rather than being retrospectively relabelled).

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Planning support: If you have an owner-managed business client with dividend flexibility, we can work alongside you to model extraction options across salary, dividends and pension contributions, and sanity-check the practical steps and documentation before implementation.

2) Business Asset Disposal Relief step up (from 6 April 2026)

For qualifying disposals, the Business Asset Disposal Relief rate rises from 14% to 18% for disposals on or after 6 April 2026 (lifetime limit £1m of qualifying gains).

What it means: appropriately timed discussions often need to start earlier than clients expect. It is rarely as simple as “complete before 5 April”. Deals have commercial timetables, legal constraints, earn-outs, deferred consideration, and sometimes anti-avoidance sensitivities. The professional value is in modelling the delta early, then pressure-testing whether the timetable is real. At a minimum, ensure any client contemplating an exit understands the move to 18% from 6 April 2026.

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Planning support: If you have a client planning an exit in the next 18 months, we can help quantify the rate delta and work with you (and the wider deal team) to test timing, structure and practical deliverability.

3) Venture Capital Trust income tax relief reduces (from 6 April 2026)

For new VCT subscriptions, the income tax relief rate reduces from 30% to 20% from 6 April 2026.

What it means: for clients already considering VCTs (and only where suitable), 2025/26 is the last year of 30% relief. The delivery risk is “relief chasing”: where the rate change creates momentum that runs ahead of the client's understanding of risk, liquidity, diversification and holding requirements.

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Planning support: If a suitable client is already considering a VCT, we can help you frame the decision to ensure it is suitable, and ensure the client’s understanding is properly documented.

4) Business Relief reforms start (6 April 2026)

From 6 April 2026, 100% Business Relief (and Agricultural Property Relief, combined) is capped. 100% relief applies up to a £2.5m allowance (each), then 50% relief applies above that, with additional changes affecting certain not listed shares (such as AIM shares which attract 50% relief only.)

What it means: for affected families with owner-managed business interests and, in some cases, Business Relief-qualifying investments, a Business Relief planning audit will usually be worthwhile.

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Planning support: If you know a family client with material Business Relief exposure (business interests or Business Relief-qualifying portfolios), we can run a focused audit and provide a practical action list you can take through with them.

On the horizon (so surprises don’t land late)

  • From 6 April 2027: most unused pension funds and death benefits move into the scope of IHT, with practical reporting and payment implications for personal representatives.
  • From 6 April 2029: the National Insurance advantage of pension salary sacrifice is capped. Salary or bonus sacrificed above £2,000 per employee per tax year will attract employee and employer Class 1 NICs. Income tax relief remains. Non-salary-sacrifice employer contributions remain NIC-free. Further detail is expected in secondary legislation.

Who it affects - and why it matters

  • Owner-Managed Business director shareholders: dividend timing can help at the margin, but documentation and cashflow come first.
  • Exit clients: Business Asset Disposal Relief step up makes early “rate delta” modelling worthwhile; it also changes the tone of deal timing conversations.
  • Investors with gains/losses: the Annual Exempt Amount is small, but spouse/civil partner transfers and deliberate loss planning can still be useful - avoid simplistic “sell and buy back” thinking.
  • Families making gifts: the annual exemption carry forward is one year only - easy to miss without a prompt.

How we can help (joint work actions that reduce delivery risk)

These are deliberately “joined up” actions where financial planning advice, tax planning and legal implementation need to line up. In practice, the most useful support tends to be on the things that straddle tax, investment and legal - where coordination across advisers prevents gaps:
 

  1. Triage grid: controllable levers, deadlines, actions, and which adviser owns each step.
  2. Extraction modelling across salary, dividends and pensions, with the April 2026 dividend rate rise in view.
  3. Exit timing support: modelling Business Asset Disposal Relief at 14% versus 18% and helping you stress-test deal timing and structure.
  4. Gifting record keeping pack: annual exemption and normal expenditure prompts, plus documentation discipline (including unconditional gift checks and avoiding gifts with reservation).
Contact us to find out how we can help you
Group of people discussing year end planning in meeting

Professionals “to do” list (for year-end planning and actionable steps before the new tax year)

We've pulled this together as a quick reference for the conversations you're likely already triaging - feel free to adapt it for your own client reviews.
 

  1. Identify clients with dividend flexibility. Assess whether bringing receipts into 2025/26 is sensible and supportable.
  2. Pension headroom review: annual Allowance, taper, Money Purchase Annual Allowance and carry forward where relevant.
  3. ISA utilisation for the client and, where relevant, a spouse or civil partner.
  4. Capital Gains Tax housekeeping: annual exemption use and loss planning. Avoid simplistic “bed and breakfast” assumptions.
  5. Spouse/civil partner asset transfers where appropriate to optimise exemptions and band usage and ensure the legal and beneficial ownership reality matches the plan.
  6. Inheritance Tax annual exemption: use the current year plus any one-year carry forward if last year was unused. Document gifts clearly.
  7. For suitable investors already considering VCTs, note that 2025/26 is the last year of 30% VCT relief (20% from 6 April 2026).
  8. For exit clients: model Business Asset Disposal Relief at 14% vs 18% and pressure test deal timing/structure early.
  9. Business Relief affected families: ensure year-end actions and next-year actions align with the April 2026 reforms (see January specialist note).
  10. Note where income is not controllable (for example from income-producing investments) - in those cases, focus effort on controllable levers (including appropriate wrappers) rather than late-stage 'income planning”.

An icon of a document

If you would like, we can turn this checklist into a short, client-specific action plan for your client: what is doable before 5 April, what should be queued for the new tax year, and what needs longer lead times.

How we helped – a simple year-end example

To make the above concrete, here's how a joined-up conversation played out in practice.

A director-shareholder (higher-rate taxpayer) was considering an exit within 12–18 months and wanted to “do something” before year end. Their accountant flagged three common themes: dividend extraction, the forthcoming Business Asset Disposal Relief rate change, and family gifting.

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Initial triage call

We started with a short triage call to identify what was controllable before 5 April and what needed longer lead times, including board process, distributable reserves, evidence, and gifting documentation. 

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BADR impact modelling

We modelled the BADR rate delta on the client’s expected qualifying gain. On a £1,000,000 BADR gain, the move from 14% to 18% implies a £40,000 difference in CGT, which helped frame timing conversations realistically. Additional-rate taxpayers are unaffected. 

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Dividend planning

We reviewed whether bringing forward a dividend was commercially supportable.

We documented the governance steps and explained that a 2 percentage point dividend rate increase implies around £1,000 more dividend for a basic or higher rate taxpayer, subject to bands and allowance.

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Gifting review

We helped the professional team tighten gifting hygiene clarifying what was intended as an unconditional gift, setting our record-keeping prompts, and identifying where further legal advice was needed.

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Outcome
  • The client left with a clear "before 5 April" action list
  • A realistic exit-timing conversation grounded in numbers
  • Documentation that reduced the risk of last-minute errors

When to act (timelines & deadlines)

Now to the end of March 2026

Triage, modelling and documentation lead times. This is especially important for dividends, share transfers, gifting evidence and pension contribution processing.

By 5 April 2026

Implement what is proceeding and document it properly.

Next issue

“Tax year start opportunities” (what becomes easier once the new tax year begins).

Important information

This material is for information only and does not constitute advice. Tax depends on individual circumstances and legislation and HMRC practice may change. Clients should take personal advice (and tax/legal advice where relevant) before acting. Investments and tax advantaged investments can fall as well as rise and may be illiquid; eligibility and relief depend on meeting conditions.

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Agricultural & Business Property Relief in 2026: the new £2.5 million allowance era
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